对外经济开放地区环境管理暂行规定(附英文)
国家环保局
对外经济开放地区环境管理暂行规定(附英文)
1986年3月15日,国家环境保护局
第一条 为了加强对外经济开放地区的环境管理,防治环境污染和生态破坏,保障人体健康,保护和创造良好的投资环境,促进经济和社会发展,特制定本规定。
第二条 本规定所称对外经济开放地区,是指国家批准的经济特区、沿海开放城市和沿海经济开放区。在对外经济开放地区从事生产、经营活动的一切单位和个人,必须遵守本规定。
第三条 对外经济开放地区的各级人民政府,必须坚持“预防为主、防治结合”的方针,加强环境综合整治工作。应当把环境保护纳入本地区的经济和社会发展规划,明确环境保护的目标、任务和措施,并组织实施。
第四条 对外经济开放地区进行新区建设必须作出环境影响评价,全面规划,合理布局。各有关部门必须严格按照规划和布局的要求进行建设。对外经济开放地区现有的不合理布局,应当结合城市改造、工业调整逐步加以解决。在生活居住区、水源保护区、疗养区、自然保护区,风景游览区、名胜古迹和其他需要特殊保护的地区,不得建设污染环境的项目;已建成的,要限期治理、调整或搬迁。
第五条 管辖对外经济开放地区的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,对国家环境质量标准中未规定的项目,可以制定地方补充标准;对执行国家污染物排放标准不能保证达到本地区环境质量要求的,可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准,报国家环境保护部门备案。按照前款规定制定的地方污染物排放标准,所在地的企业、事业单位必须执行。
第六条 对外经济开放地区从国外引进技术和设备,必须符合无污染或少污染的要求,对产生污染,国内又不能配套解决的,应当同时引进相应的环境保护设施。一切新建、改建和扩建项目,必须做到防治环境污染的配套设施与主体工程同时投入使用。
第七条 对外经济开放地区的一切单位和个人,在签订经济合同时,应当明确当事人各方在环境保护方面的义务和责任,落实防治环境污染的措施。合同中不得有违反国国家和地方环境保护法律、法规的内容。
第八条 在对外经济开放地区进行开发建设的单位,必须按照国家规定报送环境影响报告书(表)和建设项目初步设计环境保护篇章;竣工后,必须报送环境保护设施竣工验收报告。环境保护部门应当在接到环境影响报告书(表)的四十五日内,初步设计环境保护篇章、环境保护设施竣工验收报告的三十日内予以批复;逾期不批复的,上报方案自行生效。
第九条 对外经济开放地区的企业事业单位排放污染物,必须到所在地人民政府环境保护部门提出排污申请,如实填报拥有的污染物排放设施、处理设施和在正常作业条件下排放污染物的种类、方式、数量和浓度,经审核批准并取得排污登记证件后,方能生产或营业。排污情况发生变化的,应当及时向所在地人民政府环境保护部门申报。超过国家或地方污染物排放标准的,按照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费;向水体排放污染物的,按照国家规定缴纳排污费。
第十条 对外经济开放地区各级人民政府的环境保护部门,负责组织、协调、监督、检查本地区的环境保护工作。被监督检查单位必须如实提供有关情况和资料。环境保护部门对被监督检查单位提供的情况和资料有保密的义务和责任。
第十一条 凡违反本规定,造成污染损害的单位,对外经济开放地区各级人民政府的环境保护部门或国家规定的其他主管部门,可以责令其限期治理,支付消除污染费用,赔偿损失;并可以给予警告或罚款。当事人不服的,可以在收到决定书之日起十五日内,向人民法院起诉;期满不起诉又不履行的,由环境保护部门或其他主管部门提请人民法院强制执行。
第十二条 对外经济开放地区所在的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以根据本规定制定实施办法。
第十三条 本规定自发布之日起施行。
INTERIM PROVISIONS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT INTHE ECONOMIC ZONES OPEN TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
INTERIM PROVISIONS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN
THE ECONOMIC ZONES OPEN TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD
(Approved by the State Council on March 4, 1986 and promulgated by
the State Administration for Environmental Protection on March 15, 1986)
Article 1
These Provisions are formulated for the purpose of strengthening the
administration of the environment in the economic zones open to the
outside world, preventing and remedying environmental pollution and the
disruption of ecological balance, safeguarding human health and protecting
and creating good investment environment so as to promote economic and
social development.
Article 2
The term "economic zones open to the outside world" as used in these
Provisions refers to the special economic zones, the open coastal cities
and the coastal economic development areas approved by the State.
All units and individuals that are engaged in production and business
activities in the economic zones open to the outside world shall abide by
these Provisions.
Article 3
People's governments at various levels in the economic zones open to the
outside world shall adhere to the principles of "having prevention as the
main concern and combining prevention with remedying" and strengthen the
work for the comprehensive improvement of the environment. They shall
incorporate environmental protection into the economic and social
development plans of their own localities and specify the targets, tasks
and measures with respect to environmental protection and organize the
implementation thereof.
Article 4
It shall be imperative to evaluate the impact on the environment, carry
out overall planning and ensure rational distribution, if construction of
new areas is to be undertaken in the economic zones open to the outside
world. All departments concerned shall carry out the construction in
strict accordance with the requirements in respect of planning and
distribution.
The existing irrational distribution of the economic zones open to the
outside world shall be rectified gradually in conjunction with urban
reform and industrial readjustment. In residential areas, water-resource
reserves, health resorts, nature reserves, tourist resorts, scenic spots
and places of historic interest, and other areas which need special
protection, no projects that may cause environmental pollution may be
constructed and a deadline shall be set for any such projects that have
been completed to be improved, readjusted, or removed.
Article 5
With respect to projects that are not covered by the State provisions
concerning the standards of environmental quality, the people's
governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government having jurisdiction over the
economic zones open to the outside world may formulate their own local
supplementary standards. If the implementation of the State standards
concerning the discharge of pollutants fails to satisfy the requirements
for environmental quality of their own localities, they may formulate
their own local standards concerning the discharge of pollutants which are
stricter than the State standards concerning the discharge of pollutants
and submit them to the State departments for environmental protection for
the record.
The local standards concerning the discharge of pollutants formulated in
accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be
implemented by the enterprises and institutions in the localities.
Article 6
Technology and equipment introduced from abroad into the economic zones
open to the outside world shall conform to the requirement that they shall
cause no pollution or little pollution. If the technology or equipment to
be introduced from abroad will cause pollution and no means is yet
available at home to tackle it, the corresponding environmental protection
facilities shall be introduced simultaneously. With respect to all newly-
constructed projects, alteration projects or expansion projects, it shall
be imperative to ensure that both the supporting facilities for preventing
and remedying environmental pollution and the principal part of the
project are put into operation simultaneously.
Article 7
When entering into an economic contract, all units and individuals in the
economic zones open to the outside world shall specify the obligations and
responsibilities of each of the parties thereto in respect of
environmental protection and ensure that measures for preventing and
remedying environmental pollution are duly stipulated. The contract may
not contain anything that runs counter to the laws and regulations of the
State or of the locality for environmental protection.
Article 8
Units that intend to engage in developmental construction in the economic
zones open to the outside world shall, in accordance with the pertinent
provisions of the State, submit an environmental impact report/form(s) and
a text on environmental protection in the preliminary design of a
construction project and shall, upon completion of the project, submit a
report on inspecting and accepting the completed environmental protection
facilities.
The department for environmental protection shall, within 45 days of
receipt of the environmental impact report/form(s) or within 30 days of
receipt of the text on environmental protection in the preliminary design
of a construction project and the report on inspecting and accepting the
completed environmental protection facilities, give an official written
reply to the unit that has submitted the above-mentioned documents. If no
such reply is given within the prescribed period of time, the documents
submitted shall automatically become effective.
Article 9
Enterprises and institutions in the economic zones open to the outside
world that have to discharge pollutants shall apply to the departments for
environmental protection under the local people's governments for
permission to discharge pollutants and fill in forms to report truthfully
on the pollutant discharging and treating facilities that they possess and
the kind(s) of pollutants to be discharged, the mode(s) of discharging,
and the quantity and density of the pollutants under normal operational
conditions. Their production or business operations shall begin only
after the application has been verified and approved and the document for
the registration of pollutant discharge has been obtained. If changes have
taken place in the discharge of pollutants, these shall be reported in
good time to the departments for environmental protection under the local
people's governments.
Those that discharge pollutants in excess of the State or local standards
shall pay an excess pollutant discharge fee in accordance with the
pertinent provisions of the State; those that discharge pollutants into
water shall pay a pollutant discharge fee in accordance with the pertinent
provisions of the State.
Article 10
The departments for environmental protection under the people's
governments at various levels in the economic zones open to the outside
world shall be responsible for organizing, co-ordinating, supervising and
inspecting the work of environmental protection in their own localities.
The units that are subjected to supervision and inspection shall provide
the actual relevant information and data.
The departments for environmental protection shall undertake the
obligation and responsibility to maintain the confidentiality of the
information and data provided by the units that are subjected to
supervision and inspection.
Article 11
The departments for environmental protection under the people's
governments at various levels in the economic zones open to the outside
world or other competent departments may order those units that have
violated these Provisions and caused pollution damage to remedy the
situation within a prescribed period of time, pay the expenses for
eliminating the pollution and compensate for the losses thus incurred and
may also give them a warning or impose a fine on them.
Any party concerned that does not accept the penalties may file a suit
with a people's court within 15 days of receipt of the written decision
concerning the penalties. If no suit is filed and yet the decision is not
carried out within the prescribed period of time, the departments for
environmental protection or other competent departments may apply to the
people's court for the compulsory enforcement of the decision.
Article 12
The people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities where the economic zones open to the outside world are
located may formulate measures for the implementation of these Provisions
in accordance therewith.
Article 13
These Provisions shall go into effect on the date of promulgation.
人事部、国家医药管理局关于印发《执业药师资格制度暂行规定》的通知
人事部 国家医药管理局
人事部、国家医药管理局关于印发《执业药师资格制度暂行规定》的通知
为贯彻中共中央《关于建立社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》中有关实行职业资格证书制度的精神,根据人事部、劳动部《关于颁发〈职业资格证书制度〉的通知》的要求,为加强医药专业技术人员和药品市场管理,保障人民用药安全,现将《执业药师资格制度暂行规定》印发给你们,请贯彻执行。
执业药师资格制度暂行规定
1994年3月15日
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强对医药专业技术人员的职业准入控制,加强对药品生产和流通的管理,确保药品质量,保障人民用药安全和维护人民健康,促进我国医药事业的发展,根据中共中央《关于建立社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》的有关精神和《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(以下简称《药品管理法》)以及《职业资格证书规定》的有关条款,制定本规定。
第二条 国家在药品生产和药品流通领域实施执业药师资格制度。凡从事药品生产、经营活动的企事业单位,在其关键岗位必须配备有相应的执业药师资格人员。执业药师通过资格考试取得执业资格,依法独立执行业务。
执业药师英文译为:Licensed pharmacist
第三条 执业药师资格制度属于职业资格证书制度,由国家确认批准。
第四条 人事部和国家医药管理局共同负责全国执业药师资格制度的政策制定、组织协调、资格考试、注册登记和监督管理工作。
第五条 获得执业药师资格证书的人员,表明已具备执业药师的水平和能力,作为依法申请领办药品生产、经营或独立执行业务的依据。
第二章 考 试
第六条 执业药师资格实行全国统一大纲、统一命题、统一组织的考试制度。每年举行一次。
第七条 凡中华人民共和国公民和获准在我国境内就业的其它国籍的人员,遵纪守法并具备以下条件之一者,可申请参加执业药师资格考试:
(一)药学中专毕业后,从事医药工作满十年;
(二)药学大专毕业后,从事医药工作满六年;
(三)药学大学本科毕业后,从事医药工作满四年;
(四)获药学第二学士学位或研究生班结业后,从事医药工作满二年;
(五)获药学硕士学位后,从事医药工作满一年;
(六)获药学博士学位;
(七)已正式受聘担任主管药师职务的人员。
第八条 人事部负责审定考试科目,考试大纲和试题,会同国家医药管理局对考试进行检查、监督和指导,并组织或授权组织实施各项考务工作。
第九条 国家医药管理局负责指导考试大纲的拟定、培训教材的编写和命题工作,统一规划并组织或授权组织考前培训等有关工作。培训工作必须按照与考试分开、自愿参加的原则进行。
第十条 通过执业药师资格考试的合格者,由各省、自治区、直辖市人事(职改)部门颁发人事部统一印制、人事部和国家医药管理局用印的《执业药师资格证书》,经注册后全国范围有效。
第三章 注 册
第十一条 执业药师资格实行注册登记制度。国家医药管理局及省级医药管理局(总公司)为执业药师的注册管理机构。人事部和各级人事(职改)部门对执业药师的注册和使用情况有检查、监督的责任。
第十二条 各省、自治区、直辖市人事(职改)部门根据人事部和国家医药管理局发出的执业药师考试及格名单向考试合格者核发资格证书,并通知其到当地省级医药管理部门注册。接到通知后须在三个月内办理注册登记手续,逾期不办者,执业资格考试成绩不再有效。
第十三条 申请执业药师注册者,必须同时具备下列条件:
(一)遵纪守法,遵守药师职业道德;
(二)执业药师资格考试合格;
(三)身体健康,能坚持在执业药师岗位工作;
(四)经所在单位考核同意。
再次注册者,应经单位考核合格并有知识更新、参加业务培训的证明。
第十四条 经批准注册的执业药师,由省级医药管理局在《执业药师资格证书》中的注册登记栏内加盖印章,并报国家医药管理局备案。
第十五条 执业药师注册有效期一般为三年,有效期满前三个月,持证者要按规定主动到注册机构重新办理注册登记。对不符合第十三条要求的,不予重新注册。
第十六条 凡脱离药师工作岗位连续时间二年以上者(含二年),注册管理机构将取消其注册;若要重新注册,必须再次通过执业药师资格考试。
第十七条 执业药师有下列情形之一的,应当由所在单位向注册管理机构提出注销注册:
(一)死亡;
(二)服刑;
(三)因健康原因不能或不宜从事执业药师业务。
第四章 职 责
第十八条 执业药师应具有良好职业道德和业务素质,以提供合格药品,维护人民身体健康为基本准则。
第十九条 执业药师有权依法开办或领办药品生产、经营企业。执业药师资格证书是申请企业执照的必备文件。
第二十条 凡各级药品生产、经营企业和药品流通部门,均应配备执业药师负责有关业务工作,执业药师必须对药品质量负责。
第二十一条 执业药师必须熟悉《药品管理法》等医药法规、条例,带头执行国家对药品生产、销售和流通环节的各种具体规定。
第二十二条 执业药师应不断更新知识、注意国内外医药信息的收集和整理,掌握最新的药学知识和先进的医药技术,以保持较高的专业水平。
第二十三条 执业药师有权参与药品全面质量管理各环节的标准、规章制度、操作规程等的制订及对违反各项规定的处理。
第二十四条 执业药师对违反《药品管理法》等法规的部门领导的决定或意见有权提出劝告、拒绝执行并向上级报告。
第二十五条 一个执业药师只能在一个单位正式执业,并对其所分工的业务负责。
第二十六条 国家医药管理局制定执业药师岗位工作规范,对必须有执业药师上岗的关键岗位作出明确规定并予以公布。
第五章 罚 则
第二十七条 按规定须有执业药师任职的岗位,必须由取得执业药师资格的人员充任。各级医药管理部门对执业药师的上岗情况有检查监督的责任。对违反工作岗位规范者要进行处罚。
第二十八条 对现已在须有执业药师任职的岗位工作,但尚未通过执业药师资格考试的人员,要进行强化培训,限期达到要求。对经过培训仍不能通过执业药师资格考试者,必须调离岗位,另作安排。
第二十九条 对伪造学历、资历或考试作弊,骗取执业药师证书的人员,发证机关应取消其执业药师资格,收回其证书,并建议给予必要的行政处分。
第三十条 对执业药师违反《药品管理法》等造成不良后果的,所在单位应如实上报,由主管的医药行政管理机关会同当地有关执法部门,根据情况分别给予下列处分:
(一)警告;
(二)罚款;
(三)停职检查;
(四)注销其注册,并收回《执业药师资格证书》。
执业药师触犯刑律,构成犯罪的,由司法机关依法惩处。
第三十一条 注册管理机构对执业药师所受处分,应及时记录在资格证书中的惩罚登记栏内;凡注销注册,收回《执业药师资格证书》的,应报当地人事(职改)部门和国家医药管理局备案。
第六章 附 则
第三十二条 通过全国统一考试取得的执业药师资格,同时也获得主管药师技术资格。单位根据工作需要可聘任主管药师职务。
第三十三条 在本规定发布以前已担任高级药学专业技术职务的人员,经考核合格,可通过认定取得执业药师资格。认定的具体办法由人事部和国家医药管理局另行制定。在本规定发布以后,取得执业药师资格是不具备规定学历的人员申报评审高级药学专业技术资格的必备条件。
第三十四条 军队系统执业药师资格制度的组织实施由总政治部负责。
第三十五条 本暂行规定的解释权属人事部。
第三十六条 本暂行规定自发布之日起生效。